San Antonio Formula


On September 29, 1967, in San Antonio, Texas, President Lyndon B. Johnson delivered a speech in which he offered to cease the bombing of North Vietnam if Ho Chi Minh would agree to begin serious negotiations for a peaceful settlement of the conflict, and if he would promise not to use the bombing halt as an opportunity to increase their infiltration of troops and supplies into South Vietnam. In diplomatic and journalistic circles, the president's offer became known as the San Antonio Formula. Hanoi never responded positively to the offer, even though Johnson restated it on March 31, 1968, after the Tet Offensive and his own decision not to seek reelection. For six months, Johnson unilaterally stopped all bombing of North Vietnam above the nineteenth parallel, but the North Vietnamese did not genuinely consider a negotiated settlement at the time.

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